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A specific learning difficulty is a difficulty in processing information due to deficiencies in short-term memory and visual co-ordination. It is this weakness in short-term memory, whether visual or auditory, that can make it particularly difficult to learn the correspondence between the written symbol and the spoken sound. Recent studies have concluded that 10% of the population have some form of Sp.L.D.
Sp.L.D. covers a host of problems that range in severity between people. The main areas of difficulty are literacy, numeracy, personal organization and timekeeping. The degree to which children may be affected ranges from mild spelling difficulties to severe organizational problems or complete illiteracy. The main types of Sp.L.D. are Dysgraphia (writing disorder) Dyscalcula (mathematics disorder) and Dyslexia (reading disorder). However these labels and others such as ADD do tend to oversimplify individual learning problems in children and they do not take into account a child's strengths.
Now the positive aspects.
There are two very exciting reasons to be hopeful for the future.
Firstly, despite their difficulties children with Sp.L.D. usually have average or above intelligence and are often gifted in visually-based skills such as art, design, architecture and engineering. They are often creative, original, lateral thinkers. Because they have to try hard to succeed, many Sp.L.D. children develop qualities of determination and attention to detail. The potential is there!
Secondly, significant progress has been made in both diagnosis and learning techniques. Many of these developments are focused on 'multi-sensory' and '3 dimensional' learning methods.
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